Latin Name: Ginkgo biloba
Herb Class/Action: Ginkgo is classified as a neuroprotective, circulatory stimulant, and antioxidant herb.
Parts of Plant Used: The leaves of the Ginkgo tree are primarily used for medicinal purposes.
Flavors: Ginkgo leaves have a slightly bitter and astringent taste.
Energetics: Ginkgo is energetically neutral.
Medicinal Properties:
- Cognitive Support: Ginkgo is renowned for its cognitive-enhancing properties, particularly its ability to improve memory, concentration, and mental clarity. Its bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and terpene lactones (ginkgolides and bilobalide), enhance cerebral blood flow, oxygenation, and glucose utilization, supporting optimal brain function and cognitive performance. Ginkgo protects neurons from oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, preserving cognitive function and preventing age-related cognitive decline. It is used to enhance memory, focus, and learning ability in individuals of all ages.
- Circulatory Health: Ginkgo has vasodilatory and circulatory stimulant effects that improve blood flow and microcirculation throughout the body. It dilates blood vessels, reduces platelet aggregation, and increases red blood cell deformability, enhancing tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery to vital organs and tissues. Ginkgo improves peripheral circulation, relieves symptoms of intermittent claudication, and accelerates wound healing. It is used to alleviate symptoms of poor circulation, including cold extremities, leg cramps, and dizziness, and to support cardiovascular health.
- Antioxidant Protection: Ginkgo possesses potent antioxidant properties that help neutralize free radicals, reduce oxidative stress, and protect cells from damage. Its flavonoids and terpene lactones scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit lipid peroxidation, preventing oxidative damage to cell membranes, proteins, and DNA. Ginkgo protects neurons from oxidative stress, preserves mitochondrial function, and enhances cellular resilience, promoting overall health and vitality. It is used as an anti-aging tonic and to support longevity and well-being.
In the Garden: Ginkgo is a unique and ancient tree species native to China, where it has been cultivated for centuries for its ornamental and medicinal value. It is a deciduous tree with distinctive fan-shaped leaves, yellow-green in color, that turn golden yellow in the fall. Ginkgo trees are hardy and adaptable, tolerant of various soil types and growing conditions. They prefer full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. Ginkgo trees are valued ornamental specimens in parks, gardens, and urban landscapes for their graceful form, attractive foliage, and medicinal properties.
Culinary Uses: Ginkgo leaves are not commonly used for culinary purposes due to their bitter taste and potential toxicity. However, ginkgo nuts, the seeds of the female Ginkgo tree, are edible when cooked and are used in traditional Asian cuisine. Ginkgo nuts are rich in nutrients, including protein, fat, carbohydrates, and antioxidants. They are often roasted or boiled and used in soups, stir-fries, and desserts. Ginkgo nuts should be prepared and consumed with caution, as raw or improperly processed nuts contain toxic compounds that can cause adverse reactions.
Precautions: Ginkgo is generally safe for most individuals when used as directed. However, excessive consumption of ginkgo nuts may cause adverse effects, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and allergic reactions, in sensitive individuals. Pregnant or breastfeeding women, individuals with bleeding disorders, or those taking anticoagulant medications should consult a healthcare professional before using ginkgo supplements. Ginkgo may interact with certain medications, including blood thinners, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants. Individuals with pre-existing medical conditions should consult a healthcare professional before using ginkgo medicinally.